Finding a balance between economic performance and capacity efficiency for sustainable fisheries: Case of the Da Nang gillnet fishery,Vietnam     

《Marine Policy》2014

Marine capture fisheries in Vietnam are small-scale, multi-species, multi-gear, and open access regime. Under numerous governmental promotion programs, Vietnamese fishing fleets have expanded at an uncontrollable rate. This research analyzes the economic performance and capacity efficiency of the Da Nang gillnet fishery. Data were obtained from 45 gillnetters in Da Nang using questionnaires, which were administered between April and July of 2011. The results showed that large-scale vessels (engine power≥90 hp) had better economic performance than small-scale vessels (engine power<90 hp) with average gross revenue flows of 1346.7 and 750.7 million VND, respectively. The large-scale vessels further actualized positive profits (15% gross revenue), while the small-scale vessels demonstrated negative results (−0.4% gross revenue). The main operating costs of fuel and labor accounted for 44% and 26%, respectively, of the total operating expenses. However, the results of the data envelopment analysis (DEA) showed that the Da Nang gillnet fishery did not operate at full capacity and that the unused capacity and the technical inefficiency rates were approximately 21.2% and 10.8%, respectively. The over-use of fuel, net sheets, and number of days at sea in the large-scale vessels were 7%, 10%, and 3%, respectively, while these ratios in the small-scale vessels were 7%, 3%, and 7%, respectively. Overcapacity may be separated into two parts, one part resulting from the optimal technical use of inputs and a second part resulting from enhancing the current policies. As such, feasible policies may include implementing the buyback of small and unprofitable vessels, and reviewing subsidy programs.  相似文献   

Carbon capture and storage, bio-energy with carbon capture and storage, and the escape from the fossil-fuel lock-in     

Philip J. Vergragt  Nils Markusson 《Global Environmental Change》2011,21(2):282-292

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is increasingly depicted as an important element of the carbon dioxide mitigation portfolio. However, critics have warned that CCS might lead to “reinforced fossil fuel lock-in”, by perpetuating a fossil fuel based energy provision system. Due to large-scale investments in CCS infrastructure, the fossil fuel based ‘regime’ would be perpetuated to at least the end of this century.In this paper we investigate if and how CCS could help to avoid reinforcing fossil fuel lock-in. First we develop a set of criteria to estimate the degree of technological lock-in. We apply these criteria to assess the lock-in reinforcement effect of adding CCS to the fossil fuel socio-technical regime (FFR).In principle, carbon dioxide could be captured from any carbon dioxide point source. In the practice of present technological innovations, business strategies, and policy developments, CCS is most often coupled to coal power plants. However, there are many point sources of carbon dioxide that are not directly related to coal or even fossil fuels. For instance, many forms of bio-energy or biomass-based processes generate significant streams of carbon dioxide emissions. Capturing this carbon dioxide which was originally sequestered in biomass could lead to negative carbon dioxide emissions.We use the functional approach of technical innovations systems (TIS) to estimate in more detail the strengths of the “niches” CCS and Bio-Energy with CCS (BECCS). We also assess the orientation of the CCS niche towards the FFR and the risk of crowding out BECCS. Next we develop pathways for developing fossil energy carbon capture and storage, BECCS, and combinations of them, using transition pathways concepts. The outcome is that a large-scale BECCS development could be feasible under certain conditions, thus largely avoiding the risk of reinforced fossil fuel lock-in.  相似文献   

利用MapGIS编绘地质图的一些技巧          下载免费PDF全文

张于  王玉军  吴夏懿 《江苏地质》2011,35(4):391-394

以数字化地质图为例,从数据输入、数据处理两方面入手,结合实践经验,详细阐述了运用MapGIS数字化地质图时的一些关键技术,主要包括图件的输入、分层矢量化的输入、图形编辑、误差校正,拓扑造面、地质面色的自动替换。  相似文献   

建立测绘技术创新体系的探讨     

周德军  赵俊红  周琪 《地理信息世界》2001,(1)

从创新和创新体系的概念出发 ,着重介绍测绘技术创新的重要性 ,提出了建立测绘技术创新体系的一系列对策和措施。  相似文献   

新地震区划图潜在震源区划分的主要技术特色   总被引：13，自引：7，他引：6  

周本刚  陈国星  高战武  周庆  李姜一 《震灾防御技术》2013,8(2):113-124

简要介绍了新地震区划图潜在震源区划分方案的形成过程,重点分析了潜在震源区三级划分、东西部地区潜在震源区划分技术途径的差异、不同级别活动块体边界带对高震级潜在震源区划分的控制作用、发震构造模型及其在潜在震源区划分中的应用等主要技术特色.共划分出29个地震带、77个地震构造区和1199个潜在震源区.与中国地震动参数区划图(2001)中综合方案相比,东西部地区潜在震源区的个数都有较大的增加,其中东部地区体现在震级上限6.0、6.5和7.0级的中强潜在震源区个数的明显增加,与划分工作中加强了该地区中强地震发震构造的判识研究相关;而西部地区体现在震级上限7.5和8.0级的高震级潜在震源区个数的大幅度增加,与划分工作中注重了活动块体边界带高震级潜在震源区划分,以及强调应用发震构造模型指导潜在震源区划分的技术特色相协调.  相似文献   

断层气探测方法在深隐伏活断层探测中的有效性研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘学领  马建英  杨绪连  任峰  李一兵 《地震》2011,31(1):67-74

断层气探测方法是活动断层探测中常用的一种方法。 实践证明, 这种方法在浅覆盖地区活动断层初勘阶段是有效的。 但在第四系厚覆盖地区开展活断层探测, 断层气方法是否有效或怎样做有助于提高该方法的有效性, 是本文要阐述的问题。 本文利用天津地区断层气实测的丰富资料, 并与人工地震、 钻孔勘探、 样品年代学测定资料进行对比分析, 论证了断层气方法在深隐伏活断层空间位置、 断层活动性判定和断层分段中的有效性。 并依据实际工作经验, 给出了提高断层气方法在活断层探测中有效性的技术途径。  相似文献   

谈地震观测常用专业术语与学术论文的规范编写     

张瑞芳  梁向军  赵春华  王新胜 《山西地震》2010,(4):43-47

参照与地震专业相关的中华人民共和国国家标准、地震行业标准和科技文献编排规范,对地震观测量和单位、测项类型、仪器名称、防震减灾术语等规范编写分类介绍;学术论文、科技报告的构成及规范编写进行阐述。  相似文献   

试论勘测单位的技术创新     

孙国庆  王厚之 《地理信息世界》2002,(3)

企业是技术创新的主体 ,勘测单位的发展与进步依赖于技术创新。要掌握经济发展的主动权 ,必须开展技术创新 ,必须大力发展高科技产业 ,只有这样 ,才能赢得经济效益 ,否则就意味着落后  相似文献   

哈尔滨工程高等专科学校测绘专业的师资队伍建设     

王晏民  段贻民 《测绘工程》1998,7(3):70-75

阐述高等工程专科测绘专业教师的基本条件,介绍测绘工程系师资队伍的现状,师资队伍建设的方法及取得的成绩,指出了今后的努力方向。  相似文献   

为地矿事业奋斗、贡献的50年     

程寿森 《江苏地质》1998,22(3)

全面回顾了南京综合岩矿测试中心（江苏省地质矿产测试应用研究所）创建５０年来的发展与进步,重点总结了５０年间的主要技术成就,特别指出８０年代以来地矿实验工作获得了新的飞跃。  相似文献